Centrifugal Model Study of Seepage and Seismic Behavior in a Homogeneous Reservoir Dam with Parapet

This study examines the effectiveness of parapets in preventing overtopping failures small-scale homogeneous reservoir dams under seismic loads. In this study, a parapet covered entire width dam crest and was designed to ensure its weight is transmitted crest. The test included four modes: initial mode, first seepage, seismic, second seepage. results show that without crack length expand significantly during effect large seepage mode. depth increased by 11.3–24 times mode expanded up 73.3% height longitudinal direction along axis formed These findings suggest earthquake weakened body, making it vulnerable penetration. contrast, structure effectively suppressed most tensile cracks increasing constraint force. Additionally, no expansion or tearing occurred post-earthquake, indicating improved performance suppression deformation.